Infections and fever

Epidemic infections

For infections such as flu and COVID-19

Online consultations available In-person care available
In Japanese,
with a medical interpreter
Consult on LINE
24 hours a day, 365 days a year
Families
OK to consult together
Insurance and
payment information

About

About Epidemic infections

We treat epidemic infections such as flu and COVID-19. Depending on your symptoms and wishes, you can also ask about testing and prescription medication.

Why it happens

These illnesses occur when viruses such as influenza or the COVID-19 virus pass from person to person through droplets from coughs and sneezes or through hands that carry the virus. As the virus multiplies in the body, the immune system tries to get rid of it, which is thought to cause whole-body symptoms such as fever, fatigue and muscle aches. The incubation period is generally about 1–5 days depending on the virus, and people become contagious from around the time symptoms appear.

What's happening in the body

Viruses enter the body through droplets from coughs and sneezes, or when you touch your mouth, nose or eyes with hands carrying the virus. Once inside cells in the lining of the nose and throat, the virus uses those cells to make large numbers of copies of itself and spreads to nearby cells. The body's immune system then releases substances that cause inflammation to get rid of the virus. Whole-body symptoms such as fever, joint pain and severe fatigue are thought to be caused by this immune response rather than by the virus itself. A fever is also a sign that your body is fighting the virus, so the height of the fever alone doesn't determine how serious the illness is. The incubation period is generally about 1–5 days, and people become contagious shortly before symptoms appear. This is why people can spread it without realizing.

Main symptoms

  • Sudden fever or chills
  • Severe fatigue, feeling heavy and tired
  • Joint and muscle aches
  • Sore throat
  • Cough, runny nose, blocked nose
  • Headache
  • Loss of taste or smell (can occur with COVID-19)
  • In children, diarrhea or vomiting may also occur

When you can wait and see

What you can do yourself

  • Drink fluids often (oral rehydration solutions can be convenient)
  • Get plenty of rest and eat what you can manage
  • Keep the room at a comfortable temperature and humidity, and don't let your body get too cold
  • At home, don't share towels or dishes, and ventilate often
  • Your strength may take a few days to return after the fever goes, so don't jump back into full activity

Please consult us

If any of the following apply

  • You have a sudden high fever or severe fatigue
  • An infection is going around your family or workplace
  • You're at higher risk of severe illness and want advice early

Seek care right away

If any of the following apply

  • Difficulty breathing, rapid breathing, or getting out of breath with slight activity
  • Chest pain or a strong feeling of pressure
  • Drowsiness or confusion, or slow to respond when spoken to
  • Bluish-purple lips or face
  • Unable to drink, and no urine for half a day or more

Don't wait for a Cotovia consultation; call the emergency number in your country.

See the emergency guide for each country

If you're not sure, ask us on LINE

Differential

Telling it apart from similar conditions

Symptoms that look the same may need different care depending on the cause. Use this as a guide to find what's closest to your situation.

Flu

Clues

Sudden fever, severe joint and muscle aches and whole-body fatigue come first

Care

Within 48 hours of onset, you can ask about antiviral treatment options

COVID-19

Clues

Along with fever, taste or smell may be affected

Care

Can be identified by testing

Dengue

Clues

Possible mosquito bites, pain behind the eyes, rash, severe joint and muscle pain

Care

A blood test is needed. Seek care urgently if there is stomach pain, repeated vomiting or a tendency to bleed

Common cold

Clues

Mild to moderate fever. Mainly nose and throat symptoms, with mild whole-body symptoms

Care

Mainly monitoring at home

Malaria

Clues

Travel to an area where malaria occurs, recurring fever and chills

Care

An urgent blood test is needed

* This is not a complete list. If you're not sure, please consult us.

Course

Typical course

This is the general course. Actual progress varies from person to person.

  1. Onset to 48 hours

    Sudden fever, joint pain and fatigue build toward their peak

    If considering antiviral medication, seeing a doctor within this window is recommended

  2. Days 2–4

    Fever continues, and cough and throat symptoms become more noticeable

    Drink fluids and rest. Watch for signs of getting worse

  3. Days 5–7

    The fever starts to go down and whole-body symptoms ease

    Even after the fever goes, you may still be shedding the virus for a while

  4. 1–2 weeks

    A cough or tiredness may linger

    If a cough lasts 2 weeks or more, please consult us, as there may be another cause

Local Insight

For people living in Southeast Asia

The climate, healthcare and access to medication differ from Japan. Here are points specific to this region.

01

In Singapore and Malaysia, close to the equator, flu is reported to have no clear season and to circulate throughout the year. The Japanese idea that flu is a winter illness may not apply.

02

In Thailand, the Philippines, Vietnam and elsewhere, outbreaks tend to peak during the rainy season (roughly months 6–10, June to October). It's worth discussing vaccination timing based on local patterns.

03

Whether the Northern or Southern Hemisphere vaccine strain is used may differ by country. Please consult a doctor, including about your vaccination history in Japan.

04

Mosquito-borne infections such as dengue and chikungunya also start with a high fever, so don't assume a fever means flu. Please also tell us about recent travel and any mosquito bites.

Care

What Cotovia can do

  • Consultation and rapid testing as needed (testing is at the doctor's discretion)
  • Prescriptions for antiviral drugs, fever reducers and painkillers (prescribing is at the doctor's discretion)
  • Advice on preventing spread to your family and on recovering at home

Tests you may have

Not knowing what will happen can make people hesitate to seek care, so here's what actually takes place.

Rapid antigen test

Distinguishing flu from COVID-19

About 15 minutes A swab of the nose or throat

Blood test

Assessing the possibility of other infections such as dengue, and the degree of dehydration or inflammation

Blood draw takes a few minutes (results from the same day) Blood draw

Chest imaging

When pneumonia is suspected as a complication

About 10 minutes Imaging only

Treatment options

Antiviral medication

Slows the spread of the virus

Whether it's suitable depends on the time since symptoms started. Prescribing is at the doctor's discretion

Fever reducers and painkillers

Eases fever and pain

Until dengue has been ruled out, some fever reducers and painkillers that may increase bleeding should be avoided. Please ask us before taking anything on your own

Fluids and electrolytes

Prevents dehydration

Dehydration sets in more easily in hot, humid conditions

Symptom relief (such as cough medicine)

Eases uncomfortable symptoms

Considered according to your symptoms

* Tests, procedures and prescriptions are decided by the doctor after a consultation. Services may vary by country and location.

Preparation

Before your visit

When seeing a doctor abroad, simply organizing what you need to say makes a big difference.

What to bring

  • Passport or residence card
  • Insurance card and your insurer's contact details
  • Your medication record and the medication you currently take (the actual items or photos)
  • A record of your temperature (when and how high)

What to tell us

  • When symptoms started, what they were and in what order they appeared
  • How your temperature has changed (the highest it reached)
  • Any mosquito bites, and where you've traveled in the past 2 weeks
  • Whether anyone around you has the same symptoms
  • Chronic conditions, allergies and possible pregnancy

Self Care

What you can do yourself

Along with seeing a doctor, here are things to keep in mind in daily life.

Prevention

  • Consider vaccinations such as 1 flu shot each year (ask a doctor about timing based on local outbreaks)
  • Make a habit of washing hands with soap and using hand sanitizer
  • Wear a mask in crowds during outbreaks
  • Stay home from outings and work when you feel unwell

How to Consult

How to be seen

Choose from 3 ways to be seen, depending on your symptoms and schedule. If you're not sure, we'll guide you on LINE.

Online consultations

See a doctor by video call from home or the office. Medication delivered or from a pharmacy.

Available for this symptom

In-person care

In-person consultations at our clinics and partner hospitals, including tests and procedures.

Available for this symptom

Cotovia Counter

Support with an interpreter for visits to general hospitals.

Available for this symptom

If an online consultation finds that tests or procedures are needed, we'll guide you to in-person care or Cotovia Counter.

From consultation to receiving medication

1

Add us on LINE and consult

Tell us your symptoms, and we'll recommend the right way to be seen.

2

Book and be seen

See a doctor online or at the nearest location, with an interpreter present.

3

Receive your medication

Have it delivered or pick it up at a pharmacy or the clinic (varies by country).

4

Follow-up

You can also consult us on LINE about how you're doing afterward.

Special Care

People who need extra care

Children

Seek care urgently if your child can't drink, hasn't passed urine for half a day or more, or is limp and slow to respond. Diarrhea or vomiting may also occur

Older adults and people with chronic conditions

Complications such as pneumonia are more likely. Please consult us early, even if symptoms are mild

Pregnant women

Some medications can't be used. Be sure to tell us if you could be pregnant

People with asthma or heart or kidney conditions

Symptoms may get worse more easily

FAQ

FAQ

Common questions before a visit, and common assumptions that lead people to judge for themselves.

QI heard I can buy antibiotics at a local pharmacy. Is it OK to take them?
A

In some Southeast Asian countries, antibiotics can be bought without a prescription. However, flu and COVID-19 are caused by viruses, and antibiotics are not expected to work against them. Taking them unnecessarily can also lead to resistant bacteria, so please don't decide on your own and consult a doctor.

QCan you really get the flu in the tropics?
A

Yes. Near the equator, flu circulates throughout the year, so you need to be careful in every season.

QCan I get a medical certificate to submit to my company?
A

After the consultation, you can discuss documents with the doctor to the extent they judge necessary. Formats and availability may vary by country and location.

QWhat can I do to avoid infecting my family?
A

The basics are resting in a separate room, ventilating shared spaces, not sharing towels and dishes, and washing hands thoroughly. You can also ask us for specific advice for your household.

Common misconceptions

Myth The higher the fever, the more serious it is

Fact How high a fever is doesn't necessarily match how serious the illness is. Difficulty breathing and changes in consciousness are more important signs

Myth Once the fever is gone, you're no longer contagious

Fact You may still be shedding the virus for a while after the fever goes

Myth You can't get the flu in Southeast Asia because it's hot

Fact According to WHO reports, flu circulates all year round in the region

Myth A fever means flu

Fact There are feverish illnesses common in this region, such as dengue and malaria. Deciding on your own is dangerous

Myth Antibiotics will work

Fact Antibiotics don't work on viruses. They are only used when a bacterial infection develops as well

Feel free to ask us on LINE first

It's fine to contact us even if you're not sure you need to see a doctor. We're available in Japanese 24 hours a day, 365 days a year.

  • Symptoms
  • When it started
  • Your country of residence
  • How you'd like to be seen

Sending these 4 things helps us respond faster. It's fine if you don't have them all.

Ask us on LINE